Built on a steep slope along the Hiji River in Ozu, the Bansenso Villa, also known as the Former Matsui Residence, is a multistory wooden structure and a beloved landmark of the historic castle town. The villa is notable for its combination of traditional Japanese craftsmanship and Western design features. It was originally conceived as a passion project by Ozu-native Denzaburo Matsui, a prominent Japanese businessman who amassed his fortune in the retail trade. Denzaburo passed away before construction began; the project was completed in 1926 under the supervision of his brother, Kunigoro.

Inspired by international design trends of the era, the villa incorporates several architectural features uncommon in Japan at the time, such as Western-style balconies and monogrammed onigawara (demon-faced roofing tiles). This foreign influence is also evident in the choice of building materials, which include timber imported from Southeast Asia. For example, the corridors connecting the rooms are constructed using exposed Ipil, a tropical hardwood native to the Philippines.

Alongside these international elements, the villa features local Japanese craftsmanship throughout. An earthenware lion statue made in a traditional regional pottery style sits in the front yard. Indoors, the primary first-floor tatami room features high ceilings, unfinished cypress wood, and black lacquered accents, serving as a sophisticated example of classical Shoin-zukuri architecture.